Revered or reviled, Gertrude Bell was a commanding figure: scholar, linguist, archeologist, traveller and orientalist . Belonging to the tradition of the great British Middle East enthusiasts of the early 20th century, she explored the Ottoman Empire during and after World War I and was hugely instrumental in the post-war reconfiguration of the Arab states in the Middle East. She was a prime mover in drawing up Iraq s boundaries and establishing a constitutional monarchy there with a parliament